A country’s material productivity measures the economic output (measured in monetary units) generated per input of material (in physical units), eg Gross Domestic Product, Domestic Consumption of Materials. Material productivity can also be referred as resource efficiency. Material productivity indicators are suitable tools for monitoring the processes of decoupling the use of resources from economic growth. This decoupling is a key strategy for a more sustainable use of natural resources through a reduction in environmental degradation resulting from primary production, material processing, manufacturing and waste disposal.